{"id":43989,"date":"2022-02-07T16:00:20","date_gmt":"2022-02-07T15:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/?p=43989"},"modified":"2022-02-08T21:46:26","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T20:46:26","slug":"de-la-matanza-a-ohio-2-5-el-vuelo-washington-fairbanks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/de-la-matanza-a-ohio-2-5-el-vuelo-washington-fairbanks\/","title":{"rendered":"De La Matanza a Ohio (2\/5): El vuelo Washington-Fairbanks"},"content":{"rendered":"

En 1934, los mandos del Cuerpo A\u00e9reo del Ej\u00e9rcito de los EE.UU. (United States Army Air Corps)<\/em> planificaron una misi\u00f3n que habr\u00eda de constituir un hito en la historia de la Aviaci\u00f3n estadounidense: El 19 de julio de dicho a\u00f1o, diez nuevos bombarderos Martin B-10, comandados por el entonces teniente coronel Henry H. \u201cHap\u201d Arnold<\/strong>, decolaron de la base Bolling Field \u2013pr\u00f3xima a Washington (DC)\u2013 y, volando por sobre las ciudades canadienses de Winnipeg y Edmonton, llegaron a Fairbanks (Alaska) el d\u00eda 24.<\/p>\n

Un mes antes, Arnold hab\u00eda reunido las m\u00e1quinas en Wright Field, en donde organiz\u00f3 cuidadosamente la expedici\u00f3n: Dividi\u00f3 la escuadrilla en tres secciones, una de las cuales estuvo bajo su comando directo y, para conducir las otras dos, eligi\u00f3 a los mayores Hugh Knerr y Ralph Royce.<\/p>\n

En total la misi\u00f3n estuvo integrada por 14 oficiales y 16 suboficiales.<\/p>\n

Por cerca de un mes, los Martin realizaron numerosos vuelos de exploraci\u00f3n sobre Alaska, los que incluyeron misiones de reconocimiento aerofotogr\u00e1fico, y cubrieron una superficie de 60.000 metros cuadrados.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
El teniente coronel Arnold luciendo la campera de vuelo del \u201cAlaskan Flight\u201d (US National Archives, circa 1934).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

El 17 de julio, Arnold traslad\u00f3 la escuadrilla a Washington para iniciar el raid dos d\u00edas despu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

El 16 de agosto la misi\u00f3n despeg\u00f3 de Fairbanks de regreso a Washington y, tras atravesar Seattle (estado de Washington) y Omaha (Nebraska) aterriz\u00f3 en la base Bolling Field el d\u00eda 20, donde fueron recibidos por el Secretario de Guerra, George H. Dern y por el Jefe del Cuerpo A\u00e9reo del Ej\u00e9rcito, mayor general Benjamin D. Foulois.<\/p>\n

La expedici\u00f3n hab\u00eda realizado un recorrido de 11.265 kil\u00f3metros, buena parte del cual lo fue sobre territorio respecto del cual no hab\u00eda cartograf\u00eda previa.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
L\u00ednea de vuelo del raid a Alaska, presumiblemente fotografiada en Bolling Field. En primer plano, el leg\u00edtimo 33-146, que terminar\u00eda su carrera operativa al accidentarse en Bolling Field el 18\/05\/1935 (foto: US National Archives, circa 1934).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

En t\u00e9rminos generales, la expedici\u00f3n fue altamente exitosa, al permitir que las tripulaciones se ejercitasen en vuelos de largo alcance, tanto para defender a Alaska en caso de emergencia como para recorrer zonas mayormente deshabitadas y ayud\u00f3 a la confecci\u00f3n de mapas de las regiones sobrevoladas.<\/p>\n

Asimismo, fue necesaria una cuidadosa planificaci\u00f3n de la log\u00edstica para un vuelo de semejante extensi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Los Martin demostraron sus cualidades para vuelos de estas exigencias, ya que s\u00f3lo una de las m\u00e1quinas debi\u00f3 acuatizar en Caleta Cook (Anchorage) por fallas en uno de sus motores, aunque pudo ser puesta en condiciones para el vuelo de regreso.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
El YB-10 33-00148 \u00abJuneau\u00bb, participante en el vuelo Washington-Fairbanks y en el cual puede verse el t\u00f3tem, emblema de la expedici\u00f3n (arte: Ron Cole).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

En reconocimiento a su sobresaliente liderazgo al frente de este trascendente vuelo, el comandante de la misi\u00f3n, teniente coronel Arnold, recibi\u00f3 el Trofeo Mackay de 1934[1]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n

En palabras del l\u00edder de la expedici\u00f3n: \u201cHemos demostrado que es posible trasladar unidades t\u00e1cticas del Cuerpo A\u00e9reo a Alaska r\u00e1pidamente y traerlas de regreso exitosamente<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

\n

Continuar\u00e1 con\u2026 \u201cTrayectoria aeronaval argentina\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

NOTA:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> En 1938 el entonces mayor general Arnold se convirti\u00f3 en Jefe del Cuerpo A\u00e9reo y durante la Segunda Guerra comand\u00f3 las operaciones a\u00e9reas contra las fuerzas del Eje, convirti\u00e9ndose en General del Ej\u00e9rcito (cinco estrellas) en 1945 y, en 1949, le fue otorgado el grado especial de General de la Fuerza A\u00e9rea.<\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En esta secci\u00f3n, el autor relata la detallada organizaci\u00f3n y la realizaci\u00f3n del hist\u00f3rico vuelo Washington-Fairbanks (Alaska) de 1934, llevado a cabo con una escuadrilla de 10 B-10, comandados por quien habr\u00eda de ser el l\u00edder de la Aviaci\u00f3n Militar estadounidense en la Segunda Guerra Mundial: Henry \u201cHap\u201d Arnold.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":92,"featured_media":43993,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[8],"tags":[648],"class_list":["post-43989","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-preservados","tag-martin-b-10"],"yoast_head":"\nDe La 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