{"id":691,"date":"2010-05-21T21:45:00","date_gmt":"2010-05-21T20:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/?p=691"},"modified":"2022-10-02T12:34:28","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T10:34:28","slug":"pan-am-ii-joya-nunca-fumig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/pan-am-ii-joya-nunca-fumig\/","title":{"rendered":"Pan Am (II): Joya, nunca fumigó"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
El anuncio, de la otrora todopoderosa, Pan Am en Air Transport World<\/em> poniendo en venta parte de su flota. Las connotaciones de semejante publicidad son sobradamente claras, y una empresa no puede darse el lujo de utilizar este tipo de anuncios en medios masivos de comunicaci\u00f3n. Por esa raz\u00f3n Air Transport World<\/em>, un medio especializado y con una difusi\u00f3n acotada al sector aerocomercial, fue el lugar id\u00f3neo para publicitar tales ventas (imagen: archivo\u00a0 Pablo Luciano Potenze).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

\u201cJoya, nunca taxi\u201d es una de las frases publicitarias m\u00e1s pintorescas que se usan en la Argentina para vender autos de origen dudoso. Alguien, con un toque de genialidad alguna vez la parafrase\u00f3 para vender un avi\u00f3n y public\u00f3 en la revista especializada AeroVenta<\/em> el t\u00edtulo de esta nota, \u201cjoya, nunca fumig\u00f3\u201d. Por supuesto era un avi\u00f3n liviano, y quiz\u00e1s, para aviones de transporte deber\u00edamos usar \u201cJoya, nunca charter\u201d.<\/p>\n

El aviso que ilustra esta nota no es un avisito para vender un Piper, es una publicidad de una empresa de primera l\u00ednea, Pan American, en un medio muy especializado, Air Transport World, publicado en 1982. El lema es \u201cPlanes that travel well\u201d, aviones que viajan bien, una frase con gancho, y a decir verdad no es una oferta menor. Son Jumbos cargueros casi nuevos y diversos equipos Boeing en buen estado, con historial comprobable. Nada de aviones archivados en el desierto o procedentes del tercer mundo.<\/p>\n

Pero este aviso oculta un drama, uno de los dramas m\u00e1s significativos de la historia de la aviaci\u00f3n comercial, la decadencia y ca\u00edda de Pan American World Airways, la empresa que Juan Trippe, a partir de 1927, convirti\u00f3 en sin\u00f3nimo de los servicios a\u00e9reos internacionales de bandera norteamericana, el \u201cinstrumento elegido\u201d del Departamento de Estado en mil oportunidades \u2014incluyendo guerras y revoluciones\u2014 el monopolio del transporte a\u00e9reo en infinidad de casos, un s\u00edmbolo claro del \u201cimperialismo yanqui\u201d.<\/p>\n

En ese momento PanAm era la sombra de lo que hab\u00eda sido. La crisis petrolera, la capacidad excesiva del 747, la desregulaci\u00f3n, la p\u00e9rdida del monopolio de bandera y las malas administraciones que sucedieron a Trippe hab\u00edan hecho lo que en otros momentos hubiera parecido imposible, Pan American estaba en decadencia y vend\u00eda todo lo que pod\u00eda para subsistir de alguna manera. En rigor, ya estaba en la pendiente de la vida sin remedio, y la venta de estas aeronaves eran aspirinas para curar un largo y ramificado c\u00e1ncer.<\/p>\n

Entre 1980 y 1991 la empresa vendi\u00f3 su edificio en New York, su participaci\u00f3n en Inter Continental Hotels, la unidad de catering, las rutas del Pac\u00edfico (a United), las rutas alemanas (a Lufthansa) , las rutas del Atl\u00e1ntico Norte (a United), las rutas interiores y europeas (a Delta), las rutas latinoamericanas (a United), y la ruta New York-M\u00e9xico (a Delta). Algunas de estas operaciones incluyeron aviones, pero al mismo tiempo tambi\u00e9n vendi\u00f3 aviones por su cuenta, como los que se ofrecen en este aviso. En 1981 ten\u00eda 127 aeronaves m\u00e1s 10 pedidos, y en 1991 s\u00f3lo 57. De ellos, 36 eran Boeing 727, lo que demuestra cu\u00e1n lejos estaba de ser una gran empresa internacional.
\nPan American dej\u00f3 de operar el 4 de diciembre de 1991.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Boeing B-707-321 despegando del aeropuerto de M\u00e1laga, Espa\u00f1a. A\u00f1os mas tarde la empresa necesitaba urgentemente desprenderse de estas y otras aeronaves de su flota (foto: Juan M. Gonz\u00e1lez).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cuando una empresa aerocomercial, tan poderosa como exitosa, pone en venta parte de su flota, da que pensar. Si adem\u00e1s la venta de aeronaves no va acompa\u00f1ada por la incorporaci\u00f3n de otras nuevas, algo pasa. La larga agon\u00eda de Pan Am hasta su quiebra permiti\u00f3 ver anuncios como el que Pablo Luciano Potenze analiza en esta nota.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":689,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[3],"tags":[18,685],"class_list":["post-691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-transporte","tag-entre-lineas","tag-pan-am"],"yoast_head":"\nPan Am (II): Joya, nunca fumigó - Gaceta Aeronautica<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cuando una empresa aerocomercial, tan poderosa y exitosa como Pan Am, pone en venta parte de su flota, da que pensar.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/pan-am-ii-joya-nunca-fumig\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pan Am (II): Joya, nunca fumigó - 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El vuelo inaugural de los servicios de Pan American en Jumbo no pudo salir a horario por problemas t\u00e9cnicos, y antes de lograr el esperado record de haber transportado la mayor cantidad de pasajeros en un solo vuelo, el 747 bati\u00f3 el de\u2026","rel":"","context":"En \u00abTransporte aerocomercial\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Transporte aerocomercial","link":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/category\/transporte\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Pan Am","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PanAm-01.jpg?fit=800%2C371&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PanAm-01.jpg?fit=800%2C371&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PanAm-01.jpg?fit=800%2C371&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/PanAm-01.jpg?fit=800%2C371&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":18445,"url":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/los-chistes-pan-american\/","url_meta":{"origin":691,"position":3},"title":"Los chistes de Pan American","author":"Pablo Luciano Potenze","date":"19\/09\/2016","format":false,"excerpt":"No es habitual que las empresas de aviaci\u00f3n hagan su publicidad sobre la base de chistes gr\u00e1ficos, pero algunos casos hubo y, probablemente, Pan American haya sido la que m\u00e1s hizo en este sentido. 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Era absolutamente l\u00f3gico \u2014y necesario\u2014 que sus l\u00edneas a\u00e9reas se especializaran en el transporte de animales en pie.","rel":"","context":"En \u00abTransporte aerocomercial\u00bb","block_context":{"text":"Transporte aerocomercial","link":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/category\/transporte\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Animales1.jpg?fit=650%2C457&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Animales1.jpg?fit=650%2C457&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Animales1.jpg?fit=650%2C457&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1P39s-b9","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=691"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47522,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions\/47522"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gacetaeronautica.com\/gaceta\/wp-101\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}